Evolution Characteristics for Water Eco-Environment of Baiyangdian Lake with 3S Technologies in the Past 60 Years

Keeping water eco-environment health and virtuous circle of lake-wetland, and letting lakes recuperate and reproduce has become a common view all over the world. Although a great deal of research results were obtained, such as lake-wetland ecosystem management and eco-hydrological mechanism of eco-environment evolution, there are few researches about comprehensive analysis on evolution trend and driven mechanism of lake-wetland water eco-environment. Baiyangdian, the biggest grass-type lake-wetland in North China, was chosen as the research object in this paper. Based on the long-term and field observations of water environmental quality and analysis for remote sensing images of water ecological landscape pattern, the evolution trend and driving mechanism for water eco-environment of Baiyangdian in the past 60 years have been studied systematically. The results showed that the average annual water level fluctuated greatly with a decreasing tendency as a whole. During 1974 and 2007, there was a general pattern of land use types, which the emergent plants, water body and cultivated land were the main, and the residential area, forest land, grass land and unused land were distributed as flower arrangement state. During the periods, the water body and emergent plants areas were decreased respectively by 28.7% and 20.8%, while the cultivated land areas were increased by 69.7%. The main pollutants (NH4+-N, CODMn, BOD5, TP, and TN) concentrations in Baiyangdian Lake were changed greatly with spatiotemporal variation and the pollutant concentrations were increased obviously. In the three polluted regions (north zone, south zone, and * To whom correspondence should be addressed.